Communication of various devices via matter is based on the well known Internet Protocoll (IP). Hence the transmission protocolls are also based on IP.
Devices, which are matter compatible, are using at least one of the following three ways:
• Ethernet (IEEE 802.3)
• Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11)
• Thread (IEEEE 802.15.4)
Communication happens via LAN cable, wireless via WLAN or via the wireless protocoll Thread, which is already known from the Homekit devices.
Also Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is a part of matter. It is primarily used for installing the devices and the first radio contact between your Smartphones or Tablet and the matter device. Bluetooth is already a common way to get smart home devices connected to your local WLAN via app.